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OBESITY - LEUKEMIA - LINK - CANCER - STUDY - OVERWEIGHT

BEING overweight or obese dramatically increases your risk of developing myeloid leukemia, according to a study of almost 41,000 Melburnians.

Cancer Council Victoria researchers followed the group for more than eight years to find out if body size and composition were linked to cancers of the blood and lymph systems.

Dr Dallas English from the Cancer Council's Cancer Epidemiology Centre said the obese and overweight people were four to five times more likely to develop myeloid leukemia than people of healthy weight.

"This study adds yet another cancer to the list where we have evidence of increased risk associated with obesity," Dr English said.

Obesity has also been linked to an increased risk of colon cancer, post-menopausal breast cancer, endometrial cancer, kidney cancer and esophageal cancer.

Scientists still did not understand why being overweight or obese increased cancer risk.

"The mechanism that's proposed most frequently is that people who are overweight and obese have high levels of insulin and that this has a whole range of metabolic consequences," he said.

"That may or may not be applicable to myeloid leukemia."

There are two types of myeloid leukemia – acute myeloid leukemia, which mainly affects adults, and chronic myeloid leukemia, which can occur at any age but is uncommon under the age of 20.

About 1000 Australians are diagnosed with myeloid leukemia each year.

Dr English said the findings were of great concern given that Australian Institute of Health and Welfare research showed there would be more than eight million overweight and obese Australians by 2010.

Researchers measured waist and hip circumference, height and weight, calculated the waist to hip ratio and body mass index and measured the fat mass and fat-free mass of each of the 40,909 Melburnians aged 27 to 75.

Over the eight years of the study, 51 people developed myeloid leukemia – 63 per cent of whom were overweight and 27 per cent who were obese.

Myeloid leukemia patients have a poor survival rate with 13 per cent of people with the acute form and 37 per cent with the chronic form still alive after five years.

While the risk of myeloid leukemia was influenced by body size, the risk of multiple myeloma, lymphocytic leukemia, hairy cell leukemia, Hodgkin's lymphoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma were not.

"This research reinforced the evidence that maintaining a healthy weight reduces the risk of cancer," Dr English said.

Source: Herald Sun

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